Burner for heating furnaces



March 5, 1929. J McLANE BURNER FOP. HEATING FURNACES 2 Sheets-Sheec Filed March 31, 1927 F'IGI \1. mm F vuvuu tZ/F W F'IEJI INVENTOR WU L VJ'LM March 5, 1929. .1. A. M LANE BURNERFOR HEATING FURNACES Filed March 51, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOF! Patented Mar. 5, 1929.

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JOSEPH A. MGLANE, 0F WASHINGTGN, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, A$SIGNOR, BY lllIESNE ASSIGNMENTS, 'lO PEOPLES NATUBAL GAS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

BURNER FOR, HEATING FURNACES.

Application filed March 31,1927. Serial No. 179,888.

It is the object of the invention to provide a burner for liquid and gaseous fuels, or either as desired, which, while not limited to any specific purpose for which it is suitable, is particularly adapted for domestic use, in heating furnaces in residences and other buildings. And stated more specifically the object is to provide a burner of the type indicated, which will be of small bodily compass, of the economical and simple construction which is desirable, will permit only a minimum, if any, accumulation of deposit from the products of combustion while at the same time it may be easily cleaned, and will be of high efliciency.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown only one embodiment of the invention in the form now considered to be the best, Figure 1 shows, conventionally only, a cross-sectional elevation of a furnace of a domestic hot-water heating system of a common type, with the burner shown in rear elevation. Figure 2 is a plan view of the burner. Figure 3 is a view on a larger scale of the burner in medial longitudinal section. Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the hood. Figure 5 is a detail. Figure 6 is aview in elevation of the vaporizer.

Figure 1 shows the burner installed in-a domestic furnace originally intended for use with other fuel, in which 1 is the furnace chamber overarched by a water-chamber 2, and having grate-bars 8, with the usual chimney (not shown). The grate-bars are covered by a plate 4: having a suitable orifice to receive the depending portion of the burner. The body of the burner has a depending bowl 5 having a drip outlet 6, and front and side flanges 7 which are supported by the edges of the plate 4 surrounding the orifice. Above these flanges there are opposite side walls 8 and a rear wall 9 terminating in a substantially semi-circular overhang 10 extending across the structure at the top, and spaced beneath which is the forwardly-projecting-and downwardly-curved shelf 11, which alsoextends across the structure, and which together with the overhang 10 and theopposite extensions 8 of the side walls 8, 8, forms a transverse chamber 51 having a transverse front outlet 12. Extending nearly from end to end of the chamber 51 is a header 13 for the liquid fuel, preferably oil, which is shown as a piece of tubing closed at its opposite ends and is provided with nozzles 1 1- at intervals,

which nozzles are preferably inclined some-. what upwardly as shown. The numeral 15* indicates'the oil-supply pipe which is con nected to the center of the header 13. This header 13 with its nozzles 14;, constitutes an oil-burner. 1

- Below the forwardly-projecting and over hanging shelf 11 is the transverse header 16, which is connected at one end to the gas-pipe 17 vand which has a transversely arranged series of forwardly directed nozzles 18. This structure acts as a gas burner when the gas is turned on.

Air is supplied to the burner through a broad transverse passage 20 at the rear, and between the rear wall 9 above mentioned and the corresponding rear wall 19 of the removable hood 21, which has opposite side walls 23 which fit over the opposite side-walls 8 above mentioned, and a dome-shaped forwardly-projecting roof 2%. The opposite side-walls 23 of the hood are provided with slots 25 to receive the connecting pipes hereinabove and hereinafter described. The rear wall 19 of the hood and its roof 2 1 are so conformed in shape to, and so spaced from, the rear wall 9 and arched overhang 10 of the burner as to aiford a free and unconstricted passageway for the entering air, and the forwardly-projecting portion of the roof 2 1, curving down to its terminus 50, is so shaped as to define a-still more greatly enlarged combustion chamber in advance of the oil burner and of the gas burner, so as to afford maximum efliciency of combustion. The outer transverse lip 50 of the hood may, as shown, and should, stand above the level of the floor 4 of the structure for a slightly greater distance than does the tip of the overhanging shelf 11. The hood 21 has an eye or handle 26 attached to it, so that it may be readily removed and replaced.

At a point forwardly of the two burners and rearwardly of the tip 50 of the hood there is provided a'transversely extending hearthpiece 27 the rear end of which is substantially beneath the tip of the overhanging shelf 11 and is sufficiently spaced therefrom to afford a clear outlet across the burner in the line of the nozzles 18. This hearth-member 27 is slightly trough-shaped, as shown, and may be provided with a mat of asbestos or equivalent liquid-absorbent material.

Spaced forwardly from the broad transversely extendingoutlet between the tip 50 of the hood and the door 4 of the structure there is arranged" transversely a hollow vaporizer 29, supported on opposite legs 30 which rest on the floor; 4;. At, one; end the vaporizer 29' is. provided with an inlet for water supply from the pipe 31, and at the opposite end with a steam delivery pipe 52 which is connected: to the header 16 at the end opposite to its gas pipe connection 17. At or near the opposite ends of the header 16 there are upwardlyprojecting pipes 32 which are adapted to deliver jets-of'steam into'the oppositeends of the transverse'chamberhl, which contains the oilburner. These pipes 32 are so arranged and punctured as to deliver the steam into the chamber 51 not only in the space above the oili-burner but into whateverspace' there may be between the oil-burnerandthe-shelf 11' immediately beneath it. The punctures. or jet openingsiin the pipes'32 are indicated so far as possible by the numeral 33. These jets not only serve to keepthe chamber51 and the surface of the shelf 11 free from depositsof carbonaceous matter, but they have a spraying effect. upon the slightlyupwardly directed jets of' oil', an'di' the oil is driven in a spray so as to be. effectively intermingled with the air'in the combustion chamber.

Understandingthat the oil-supplypipe, the gas-supply pipe and. the water-supply pipe are all provided with; suitable regulating valves accessible outside the furnace structure, theoperat'ion will'be obvious. Original ignition is. accomplished by turning onthegas, and lighting it and then turning on the oil. Under natural draft a high heat is soon generatjed, the.gas isturnedoifand the water commenceszt'o vaporize freely in the vaporizer 29, thus supplying steam to the header 16, from which it issues directly through the nozzles 1'8. into the combustion chamber, and supplying steam aswell' through the pipes 32 and the. punctures 33 into the space above and. below the oil-burner, the steam acting to prevent or eliminate any deposits of solid carbonaceous. matter from the products of combusti'on,.and effecting the utilization of all of the fuel in the most efficient manner.

In an. embodiment of the invention which I V have installechoil" is supplied to burner 13 1111- tible gaseous mixture, hot, and under pressure. mixture rushes from the outlet 12 and, meeting the stream of air, breaks into rapid and complete'combustion, so that an intensely hot flame is delivered from beneath lip 50.

Thecharacter of the air-admission conduit at the top: of the combustion chamber which is defined by the roof 241- of the hood 21', large 1 y contributes to this efliciency in operation. The air has a free and unconstricted passage into the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber itself is so formed as to providef-ree intermingling of air and fuel.

In case'gas should be used as a fuel instead ofoil, the oil supply and the water supply of course will both be shut off, and combustion.

willr be' obtained with gas and air only. Butin this case also the form of the air-supply conduit and the form of the combustion chamber both provide for maximum efliciency.

In the furnace illustrated in Figure 1 the fi'ameadvantageously plays upon a body 3% of refractory material which is a heap of fire brick set within thefurnace and near the furnace opening.

It will be understood that the foregoing is intended to describe only the preferred embodiment. of the invention, and that the invention itself is not otherwise limited in its scope than by the terms of the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. A burner for heating-furnaces comprising in combination a combustion: chamber having an air-inlet, a supplemental chamber opening into thev combustion chamber, an oilhea'der having discharge outlets located in the supplemental chamber, a. second header having discharge outlets to. the combustionchamher, a vaporizing chamber exposed to the heated products ofthe combustion chamber,

and means for supplying steam from the. vaporizer to; said supplemental chamber and to said" second header.

2. A burner for heating-furnaces comprising in combination a transverse chamber having a back wall an outwardly inclined floor and a curved overhanging roof the lower edge of which forms with said floor a transverse outlet from said chamber, an elongated fuel burner located in said chamber, and a removable hood so shaped as to form with the back wall and roof of said chamber an unconstricted air port and having an overhanging roof developed on a greater radius to provide an expanded combustion-chamber in. front of said outlet. V

3. A burner for heating-furnaces comprising in combination a chamber having a back wall a floor and a curved overhanging roof, the lower edge of'which forms with said floor a transverse outlet from the said chamber, means for causing a jet of oil to impinge transversely within said chamber upon said overhanging roof, means for injecting a jet of steam longitudinally within said chamber, and an air passageway overarching said chamber, into which said transverse outlet opens.

4. A burner for heating-furnaces comprising in combination a transverse chamber hav ing a back wall a floor and a curved overhanging roof, the lower edge of which forms with said floor a transverse outlet from said chamber, the said transverse chamber being arranged within another chamber having a back wall a floor and a curved overhanging roof, whose lower edge forms with the floor a transverse outlet from such outer chamber, means for causing a jet of oil to impinge upon the overhanging roof of the chamber first named, means for injecting a jet of steam within the chamber first named, the Walls and roofs of the two said chambers constituting together the opposite walls of an air passageway leading from the rear, over the roof of the inner chamber and to the orifice from the outer chamber, the orifice from the chamber first named opening to such air passageway.

forms the upper edge of a transverse outlet from the chamber, two headers provided with nozzles, one of which extends transversely within each of said chambers, an oil supply pipe leading to the header in the upper chamber, a gas supply pipe leading to the header in the lower chamber, a steam supply pipe leading to the header in the lower chamber, means for conveying from the header in the lower chamber and for projecting in a jet within the upper chamber a stream of steam, and an air passageway overarching said superposed chambers and to which the outlets of the two said chambers open.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOSEPH A. MoLANE. 

